SharePoint Excel Reporting services help users to structure information for a variety of scenarios. Excel Services is a service application that enables you to load, calculate, and display Microsoft Excel workbooks on Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010. By using Excel Services, you can reuse and share Excel workbooks on SharePoint Server 2010 portals and dashboards. For example, financial analysts, business planners, or engineers can create content in Excel and share it with others by using an SharePoint Server 2010 portal and dashboard—without writing custom code. You can control what data is displayed, and you can maintain a single version of your Excel workbook. The integration of Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and SQL Server 2005 provides you with the environment for analyzing the exploratory data.

There are three basic components to Excel Services that interact with each other and together form the overall structural design of Excel Services.

Excel Calculation Services (ECS) is the "engine" of Excel Services that loads the workbook, calculates in full fidelity with Microsoft Office Excel 2007, refreshes external data, and maintains sessions.

Excel Web Access (EWA) is a Web Part that displays and enables interaction with the Microsoft Office Excel workbook in a browser by using Dynamic Hierarchical Tag Markup Language (DHTML) and JavaScript without the need for downloading ActiveX controls on your client computer, and can be connected to other Web Parts on dashboards and other Web Part Pages.

Excel Web Services (EWS) is a Web service hosted in Microsoft Office SharePoint Services that provides several methods that a developer can use as an application programming interface (API) to build custom applications based on the Excel workbook.

You must first create an Excel workbook by using Office Excel 2007, and then save the workbook in Excel Services. In essence, Office Excel 2007 is the authoring tool and Excel Services is the reporting tool.

	A workbook author, often a business analyst, uses Office Excel 2007 to create the Excel workbook, optionally specify named items for viewing, and optionally define parameters.
	The workbook author saves the workbook to a document library (or to a network or Web folder) in Excel Services, where it is managed and secured by a SharePoint administrator.
	The workbook author and other users can create reports, Web Part Pages, and Business Intelligence dashboards that use the workbook.
	Many business users can access the workbook by viewing it in a browser, and even refresh the data if the workbook is connected to an external data source.
	With appropriate permission, business users can copy the current state of the workbook and any interactions made during the current session, such as sorting and filtering, to a client computer for further analysis either as an Excel workbook or a snapshot.